Food Security

Kirsten Highsmith February 1,2013 Eng & Humanities 2-1 Etymology Imperialism 1. (Noun) A policy of ext quiting a countrys power and influence with diplomacy or military force (Noun) The system, policies, or practices of such a g overnment (noun) an instance or policy of aggressive behaviour by one state against an early(a) 2. Imperialism originated in 1826 in a Napoleonic context, advocacy of empire, overly of Rome and of British foreign policy, from imperial and -ism. At times in British usage with a neutral or positive sense relating to national interests or the spread of the benefits of Western civilization. . Imperialism is even so in expenditure. 4. Although Imperialism originated in 1826 it was first gear recorded 1878. It was picked up in communist jargon by 1918. The term Imperialism applied to Western political and frugal dominance in the 19th and 20th centuries. (etymonline. com) 5. A modern, interesting use of the script is that Imperialism is the wee-wee of a tur n-based Strategy video mellowed. hyaloplasm 1. (Noun) An surroundings or material in which something develops (Noun) A mass of fine-grained rock in which gems, crystals, or fossils argon embedded (Archaic)The womb Archaic)The formative cells or tissue of a fingernail, toenail, or tooth (Noun) A rectangular array of mathematical or algebraic quantities subject to mathematical operations 2. Matrix originates from the Latin, effeminate animal used for breeding, p arent build, from matr-, mater. Its first known use is 1555. Its also from the sometime(a) French boy matrice. 3. Matrix is still in use, take away for the third definition listed above. 4. Matrix is the Latin record book for womb, and it retains that sense in English. It shadower also mean more than(prenominal) generally any tail end in which something is cook or produced. The term matrix for an rray of numeric or algebraic quantities subject to mathematical operations was introduced in 1850 by crowd Joseph Sylvester. (ualr. edu) 5. A modern or interesting use of the term Matrix is that Matrix is the name of the brand unseasoned 2012 Toyota sports Car Sugar 1. (noun) A sweet crystalline substance obtained from various plants (noun)Used as a term of endearment or an affectionate form of address (noun) A mind-bending drug in the form of white powder 2. Sugar first originated in the late 13 century, sugre, from Old French. Its Medieval Latin word was succarum, and its Arabic word being sukkar 3. Sugar is still in use. . Sugars Old World home was India and it remained exotic in Europe until the Arabs began to act it in Sicily and Spain non until after the Crusades did it begin to rival honey as the Wests sweetener. 5. A modern or interesting use of the term sugar is that it is the name of a Ameri whoremonger alternative rock band which was first formed in 1992. Necromancer 1. (noun) A person who practices necromancy a thaumaturgist or magician 2. Necromancer originated in c. 1300, f rom the Old French word nigromansere, 3. Necromancer is still in use. 4. The word necromancer is adapted from the word necromancy meaning a form of magic nvolving communication with the deceased. The word necromancy is adapted from Late Latin necromantia. Early necromancy volved from shamanism, which calls upon invigorate such as the ghosts of ancestors. 5. A modern or interesting event ab step up the word necromancer is that in the popular video game Guild Wars a necromancer is a playable character who fanny call on the spirits of the dead, and even death itself, to overpower enemies and take to heart allies. Works Cited 1. Dictionary. com. Thesaurus. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 2. Etymology. Behind the Name. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 3.EtymologyAbout Our Definitions All Forms of a Word (noun, Verb, Etc. )Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 4. Online Etymology Dictionary. Online Etymology Dictionary. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 5. Dictionary. com. Dictionary. com, n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. Kirsten Highsmith February 1, 2013 Humanities II 2-1 victuals protective cover in sub-Saharan Africa pabulum Security can be translated into many an(prenominal) divers(prenominal) definitions. Websters definition of it is, Food pledge refers to the availability of fodder in sufficient quantity in a safe and nutritious form and ones access to it for a healthy and mobile life. This definition for solid intellectual nourishment aegis clearly sets out the different sections involved when discussing food bail, globally. These sections include many different aspects of food security. For example the carnal availability of food, and economic access to food, and the sustainability of these aspects to deliver adequate levels of food security. In sub-Saharan Africa today, almost 33 percent of the population of sub-Saharan Africa wish sufficient food security( Achieving Food Security in Africa Challenges and Issues1). Th e parting of Africa as a whole remains constant to frequent food crises and famines hich are triggered by droughts, floods, and economic downturns. Food Security in sub-Saharan African households has been humiliatedered because of the countries inability to produce the right resources to import food. Sub-Saharan Africa is dependent on farming which is most insecure to clime replace making many methods of development futile but few methods supplying satisfactory results. The use of agriculture can correct food security in sub-Saharan Africa by changing to different farming techniques such as victimisation mulching, composting and make rotation. Mulching in Africa can avail remedy food security in a multitude of ways. Mulches are materials put over the disfigurement surface to maintain wet(treesaregood). By victimization mulching plants and vegetables are able to stop moisture even under fundamental weather conditions. This is beneficial to Sub-Saharan Africa because o f the many droughts they get, it is harder for plants and vegetables to pose and soon end up dying. By maintaining water plants are able to grow healthy and stronger. Water conservation is not the only thing mulching can suffice with. Coupled with conserving moisture mulching prevents the compression and crusting of the dirty aused by watering, and rain( Russell). Because of the aleatory rain in the Sub-Saharan, the soil is compressed and losses water which leads to the drying out and crusting of plants. By using mulching it helps stops moisture from traveling up by dint of the soil, and leaving behind the dissolved minerals as a crust which would subscribe blocked the plants from growing to the surface. Mulches also provide food for earth worms. Earthworms are a valuable resource in the garden, Earthworms tunnel deep into the soil allowing air and water to easily reach plant roots( mulchingaround).By mulch attracting earthworms plants are able to obtain water and oxygen easi er which allows the soil to blend in richer and grow faster, which is exactly what the soil in the Sub-Saharan needs. Mulching helps better food security by allowing plants and vegetables in the Sub-Saharan to grow at a faster rate which can be harvested and available more to different parts of the region. Tons of shove off is generated through Africa and usually ends up in wastelands or turned into open dumps. Composting is an easy way of getting relieve of waste in the Sub-Saharan and at the selfsame(prenominal) time part the environment. Composting is to fertilize with a mixture of decaying radical content. (Dictionary). Compost decomposes all the organic material and creates soil. By creating soil, it allows for a lot more room to plant and grown food making it widely available and easy to access. . modest farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa and the entire African continent can improve yields by up to 100% through combining fertilizer micro dosing and manures application( imp udent Farming Techniques Help Improve Food Security). By adding different types of compost together farmers in the Sub-Saharan can help improve soil and plant growth by 00%, this percentage can drastically help improve food security all over the African region by using organic materials to help create compost. By using compost, Africas plant growth can improve by enriching the soil that it gets its nutrients from. Compost also has the benefit of adding organic matter to the soil( The New Vision for Agriculture Transforming agriculture through collaboration). By adding organic material to soil it gives it the nutrients it needs to grow faster and helps contain water. in that location build also been new methods of composting called a Compost sewer. Composting fannys are toilet systems which treat human waste by composting and dehydration to produce a useable end-product that is a valuable soil bilinear( What is a Composting Toilet? ). Compost toilets allow waste entering the toi let to be evaporated into the atmosphere through the vent leaving amount of soil to be used as a immanent fertilizer. As assistive as compost toilets are they are quite expensive which makes it harder for Sub-Saharan to use and can slowly but surely improve the food security issue. Crop rotation in sub-Saharan Africa isnt anything new and has been allowing a more diverse roup of foods to grow which expands the choice of food. A sour rotation is a series of different crops planted in the same field following a defined seasonal order (merriam-webster). There is a wide diversity of cropping systems in sub-Saharan Africa. A terce years trial was held in a farmers field in Ghana to film the effect of sole crops crops that are grown alone compared to conventional crop rotation( Magdoff). The studies showed that crop rotation allowed a faster growing and more diverse choice of food by using crop rotation. by rotations, labor is educed and better distributed throughout the year allowi ng for a more create labor structure. Crop rotation can also balance the mathematical product of balances by alternating crops that produce few and or short-lived residues(Toensmeier). This allows a lesser amount residues left over and allows them to be removed. With more residue removed it easier to grow more plants as well. Many crops may have positive effects on succeeding crops in the rotation, leading to great production overall(Kroeck). Because of the positives effects of crop rotation sub-Saharan Africa has make it one of its number one food security support methods.By allowing greater production crop rotation allows for better access to food and availability which increase the amount of food security in the Sub-Saharan and other counties. There are many different reasons why Sub-Saharan Africa suffers from low food security one of them being the effect of greenhouse gases on the environment. Greenhouse gas emissions per person from urban waste management activities are g reater in sub-Saharan African countries than in other ontogeny countries, and are increasing as the population becomes more urbanized( waste management through composting in Africa). As Africa becomes more rbanized the waste becomes greater and harder to contain. The waste from greenhouse gasses effects the agriculture making it hard to grow food, which lowers its food security even more. Climate change also plays a huge role in agriculture. African countries are particularly vulnerable to climate change because of their dependence on rain fed agriculture, high levels of poverty(Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture). Because of the ever changing climate and the dependence on rain, it makes agriculture hard to become fully sufficient, if the crops arent getting enough rain and minerals needed.Manpowered labor is a necessity in increasing food security through agriculture. It is to be expected that the human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS epidemic will cause serious damage to the agr iculture sector in those countries, especially in countries that rely heavily on manpower for production. ( V. IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE). Because of the HIV/AIDS epidemic many farmers and workers have become ill and unable to produce crops which leads to declining yields and agriculture production. The simplification of production because of HIV/AIDS in Africa has led to food insecurity. by and by researching the food security situation in sub-Saharan Africa and food security in ther countries the research shows that they cannot improve if more attention and support is not given to agriculture development. By using crop rotation, mulching and composting, farmers can cultivate their farms and use the same plots in repeatedly. Crop rotation allows for a more diverse choice of food and greater production overall. Mulching conserves moisture and improves the fertility and health of the soil. Composting is used as a soil conditioner and natural fertilizer. One major benefit of these farmi ng methods is that it allows people to stop using slash and burn cultivation.Agriculture can be the basis for solid and change economic growth. Works Cited 1. Agriculture and Food Security World sparing Forum Agriculture and Food Security. Agriculture and Food Security. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 2. Compost. Organics south Africa. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 3. CSIRO. Facing Africas Food Security Challenges. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 4. Devereux, Stephen, and Simon Maxwell. Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa. London ITDG, 2001. Print. 5. Economist Intelligence Unit. Global Food Security Index. N. p. , n. d.Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 6. New Farming Techniques Help Improve Food Security. New Farming Techniques Help Improve Food Security. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 7. New Farming Techniques Help Improve Food Security. Solomon Times Online RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. 8. element I SOIL COMPACTION-CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES. Soil Compaction Causes, Eff ects, and Control. N. p. , n. d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013. 9. Reusing Organic Solid decompose in urban Farming in African Cities A Challengefor Urban Planners. Urban Agriculture in West Africa. N. p. , n. d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013.