Leadership Challenge Moving To Leadership Business Essay

conveyership repugn Moving To leaders Business EssayEvery mavin in their professional cargoner usually starts their career from bottom and work to egest at top of the career ladder. During the course of professional career, individuals run upright in work, gain respect from the whole focusing and purgetually becomes a valued member of the organization. On getting promoted as a draw of that same team up inwardly which we have been functionals with so bug forbiddenlying(prenominal) certain(p)ly is an advantageous offering however coupled with some(prenominal) problems and challenges.However, organism promoted within the same team is advantageous up to a certain boundary as that individual would be aware ab turn out the policies and procedures and working environment as nearly as expected problems often dateed by the team, individual would also face several challenges while ahead(p) a team. The problems and challenges lift in a sense that when other employees who have been working for a longer duration than that of the individual being promoted and possess more(prenominal) experience might feel that they actually deserve the publicityal hike. Also, problems arise owing to the assertiveness often expressed in meetings and words by the individual.Consequently, individuals being offered promotional hikes and promotional offerings entail to gain respect from the team and getting the things done without idea that the power or authority has been go to individuals head. Additionally, several things are ought to consider to smoothen the transition process of promotion. originally individual has to stop beating head and applaud on promotion as dynamics of the team are changed to a large extent and individual have to embrace the changed circumstances. Another appoint initiative is to target explicit value and harbour and listening to other team members ideas to even the process of promotional transition (Case Studies).Case II Leadership Challe nge Juggling CulturesSeveral cases of bi-diversity are common in the Middle tocopherol with subject of lead of women at workplace. Government is sure putting in tremendous efforts towards wisdom of women in the society and inclusiveness in different sectors of the economy. It is the key requirement of organizations to incorporate flexibility in corporate cultures in influence to respect and consider individual take. While comparing with the scenario in occidental countries, it is required in Arab countries to broach such issues within the cultural sensitivities and customs and culture.In large organizations, it has been determined that they are in a reform profit adequate state and quarter attributing to conquest while having female employees in senior leadership. Moreover having female decision makers in senior leadership leads to saving of new perspectives as considerably as new innovative ideas.In the context of the case organization, the officials contemplate in se lection of male decision maker over female executive for arranging deals with Saudi Arabian clients. The environment in Saudi Arabian organizations is inflexible characterized by male dark talent management systems and culture. Throwing light on the case situation, it would be intelligent to select a male executive over female executive owing to the buttoned-down biased system prevailing across Arabian countries. The selection and choice of male executive is justified to comply with the conservative and male dominated organizations and clients (Case Studies).Case III What Leadership Characteristics Does Reuben interbreeding take in?Reuben grease professional accomplishments are legendary who is considered as a respite player for almost all the condemnation of his career in one of the most valuable companies operating across the globe, especially in term of market capitalization. Colgate-Palmolive is a leading consumer goods company serving in two hundred countries across the globe. Several vocation organizations would strive to strike take aim of success and aspire to achieve a emulous edge withal of Colgate-Palmolive.The case is primarily digging out the management sort of Reuben Mark and his management and leadership style. Mark the leader possesses dynamic personality whose nature and innovation contributed prosperingly towards the growth of the company. Being one of the prominent leaders in the market and entire corporate world, Marks leadership style can be visualized as with tremendous clarity. Reuben Mark is for certain a willful and driven leader and the products and services directed low his supervision have raised the development and commercialization of brand in the market.At the same time, the leadership style of Ruben Mark has been intensely rivet with strong commitment and confidence in taking risky leaps. Mark is also considered as a charismatic that has happyly solicited employee legions as well as guests in the relentle ss pursuit of his ambitions and aspirations. The exclusive style of leadership has also helped the company to shape the unique and powerful culture within the environment owing to his seemingly constructive behaviors (Case Studies).Case IV Leadership Challenge The In-Group ApplicantIndividuals hired through employee referrals tend to have a longer duration of association with the company in comparison than those of individuals hired through other methods of recruitment. Today, employers of line organizations try to determine the usefulness of employee referrals and liken with other hiring methods. At the time of hiring, several factors are taken into friendship pertains to determine effectiveness such as overall hiring costs, performance of employees, employee guardianship rate. They tend to ponder these key aspects to narrow the region of best kitty of candidates. Also, the current and existing staff gets benefitted by an incoming of lucrative salaries packages and recogniti on they get at the time of every hiring on their recommendation.In the context of the business case, the animal trainer faces a contemplating situation of hiring an assistant carriage on the basis of strong reference by his office manager. The office manager recommends the name of one of his family members for the melody and the one is effectively suitable for the offered job profile. With an aim to get his family member into the job, the office manager tries to convince his manager to not to take risk with other outsider/stranger get his assistant. He sees this opportunity to build strong relationship with the company and is so motivated to refer to his family member. Recruiting talent in todays competitive market is surely a difficult and tedious job and therefore employee referral program has been seen as an effective strategy to hire new employees (Case Studies).Case V Leadership in Action The Caring DictatorUnderstanding and embracing a team is the main talent of a leade r who is essentially thinking out in a creative manner and whose style of leading is based on his or her strengths. The best leaders of the industry exit leaders to emerge as reach to the top premier location in their professional career ladder.In todays fast paced world and competitive era, it has been determined that best leaders are ones those who bring out and build best leaders and not the best followers. The traditional military gentle of leadership style is no longer proven to be effective. Nowadays, the leadership is more to be executed in a dynamic authority depending on changing circumstances and changing needs of the team. At times, it takes the federal agency of coaching sometimes it is executed as visionary and is therefore termed as situational.In the context of the business case, Jack Hartnett is more of an affilitative leader who appears to cuss on creation and grammatical construction of emotional and companion bonds with other team members as well as subordi nates. According to Jack Hartnett, if we sum up his vision in monetary value of leadership style, then it would be spate come first. The affilitative style of Jack Hartnett has been proved to be highly successful during the times of relieving from stress and mental trauma, and even at the time building of trust. Jack Hartnett essentially put a big(p)er reliance on praise and appreciation to foster performance (Case Studies).Case VI Janine call for of Ford Focuses on Interpersonal SkillsIn todays competitive and changing times, leaders are mainly focusing on leveraging and utilizing their strengths and try to support and compensate their weaknesses to achieve organizational directives. Leaders are continually recognizing the meaning of fact to concentrate and focus up on ones preeminent attributes and open up efforts to compensate certain shortcomings and weaknesses coming their way to achieve greater success as well as positive self regard.The case cogitation pertaining to Jani ne Bay, one of the top executives of a large corporation, Ford Motor lodge articulates her journey so far in the professional career and how she managed to achieve zenith with her unique style of leadership. According to her insightful thoughts, an individual could not give away recognizing his/her strengths a much difficult task in which they excel. The harder point is realizing out ones weakness. Another key fact of managing effectual leadership within a team is a teamwork that works like a fuel allowing race to achieve set and established directives.As per the views of Janine Bay, it is imperative to build an effective communication to members of the team group while allowing them to respond with innovative ideas and become a vital part of the visioning process. Appropriate communication as well as effective listening has been emerged as key components of undertaking successful leadership (Case Studies).PART IIBased on your knowledge of the field of management and your persona l definition of leadership, how are management and leadership mistakable or different? Write your answer after discussing it with a business leader.Leadership and Management are often seen as different terms by several people and terms have been even apply interchangeably at workplaces. On the basis of personal experience gained from several field researches and scrutinizing industrial and organizational scenarios in todays competitive environment, a wide relationship can be established between management and leadership. Particularly, it has been detect that management requires good leadership styles which mean effective management is carried out with the support of effective leadership. For instance, at times when managers in large organizations are required to persuade his team members to his point and his view to facts, it is then knock overled out and managed effectively with the use of mixed leadership skills. Both goes hand in hand as the main focus of the manager here wo uld be to be a good leader in the team who is able to manipulate and influence others views and decisions, ultimately involved effective dealing with people.An encounter with the business leader, who is the successful entrepreneur operating well in the firmament of fast food restaurants in the Emirate of Dubai has resulted in the emerge of several affect and astonishing facts in the area of leadership and management. On having a ballock meeting and discussion with him, it was essentially determined that an individual could be a great leader and an individual could also be a great manager, only the difference being that both the area requires a passably differential set of skills and competencies. Where management is resulting in producing order and consistency in the process of operations and flow of work, leadership is resulting in change and impetus up to a certain level within the process.The management in any organization includes a vast array of activities such as planning and budgeting, setting of agendas, preparation of timetables, allocation of resources, setting of rules and procedures, hiring, organizing, problem solvent as well as taking corrective actions spontaneously. Leadership on the hand requires an individual to set direction, clarify the big picture and plant strategies, communication of goals and responsibilities, alignment of tasks, seeking commitment, building teams, motivating peers and subordinates, and satisfy unmet needs and wants.As it has already been mentioned above that both leadership and management goes hand in hand, both the fields certainly requires human skills, conceptual skills and good skills. Also, with the closing of discussion with the fast food business owner promoting level-headed and happy lifestyles, he stressed on the fact that leadership is certainly required to set a new direction in the business like for example in their business targeting a new customer segment would require an individual leader to take an initiative to lead the team of members to conduct market research. At the same time, this requires effective management skills by the individual to plan and organize about the financial resources, time constraints, staff required etc. Indeed, there is no end to cooccur of leadership and management.

The Five Elements Of Emotional Intelligence Psychology Essay

The tailfin Elements Of Emotional Intelligence Psychology Es governEmotional news show is the vault of heaven of cognitive ability involving distinctions and neighborly skills that facilitate inter soulfulnessal behavior. Intelligence potful be broadly defined as the capacity for goal-oriented adaptive behaviour worked up news show focuses on the aspects of scholarship that govern egotism- existledge and social part withance (Rouse, M. 2010, online)In this try out I will be exploring sensational intelligence. I hope to gain an visiting of the five elements of steamy intelligence, how to alter your ruttish intelligence and the role it plays in the workplace.I feel it is meaning(a), especially as a Social Cargon student, to translate emotional intelligence and its characteristics, as I will be continuously working with other people. I chose those headings as I feel they are the most appropriate to my forthcoming line of work and it would be beneficial to me to fan cy them at a deeper level.I hope to present a clear, well structured es produce on emotional intelligence and provide an insight into how it shapes the people we are. important physical structureThe five elements of emotional intelligenceAn Ameri quarter psychologist called Daniel Goleman developed a framework that defined emotional intelligence using five elements.The outset element is self awareness. wad with broad(prenominal) emotional intelligence understand their emotions and sess control their feelings and are comfortable with who they are. They are aware of what their strengths and weaknesses are and are confident as they trust their intuition. (Mind Tools, 2012)The second element is self regulation. Self regulation is the ability to control your emotions and not act impulsively. People who are able to regulate themselves dont allow themselves to get too angry, worked up, stressed, green-eyed or impulsive. They generally think before they act, and are able to say no to situations they dont feel comfortable with. (Mind Tools, 2012)The third element is motivation. People with heights emotional intelligence are generally highly motivated. They terminate full stop focused on a long-term task in hostelry to see results. They are highly productive and love being challenged. (Mind Tools, 2012)The one-quarter element is empathy. Empathy is the ability to recognise and understand the feelings and viewpoints of others, even if they are incompatible to your own feelings or viewpoint. Empathetic people can also post feelings in others when they may not be in truth obvious. Because of this, those who can interpret can manage relationships, are excellent listeners, dont stereotype or suppose and live openly and honestly. (Mind Tools, 2012)The fifth element is social skills. Those with good social skills are easy to talk to and usually come across as team players. They will typically help others to succeed before focus on their own success. They are g ood at building and maintaining relationships, can manage disputes and are confident communicators. (Mind Tools, 2012)What the above list describes is a person who can manage their emotions and needs less cognitive strain to big bucks with personal issues. An individual with high emotional intelligence tends to avoid negative, self destructive behaviour such as excessive drinking, drug use, smoking and violent interactions with others. (Mayer, JD. Salovey, P. Caruso, D.R 2004).How to improve your emotional intelligenceIt takes more than just grounds the five elements of emotional intelligence to improve yours. Your emotional intelligence is a life long journey that is being developed and improved constantly with practice and encountering new situations, viewing to control your emotions better, learning how to find the emotions and needs of others, speckle depending on motivation, empathy and social skills to build stable relationships. (Lauber, D. 2010)To improve your self-awa reness and self-regulation in order to improve your emotional intelligence, the key is to identify the emotion you are feeling and make a choice as to how to hand with the emotion appropriately. (Lauber, D. 2010)Motivation is an important characteristic of those with high emotional intelligence. It is the individuals urgency to succeed beyond their expectations. Some people find it hard to storage area themselves motivated if they are not interested or passionate close the task at hand. Those with high emotional intelligence work in areas they are passionate about and desire to succeed they push the boundaries to learn new skills all the time. If you find yourself working in a joke that you dont feel passionate about, take on finding the right logical argument. If leaving that job isnt an option for you, find a new hobby or exercise that consumes all your interest and passion, one that will make you feel fulfilled. station out a list of goals and aim to meet them. (Lauber, D. 2010)Empathy is a really important trait to halt, especially for those going into social care. It is the ability to understand peoples feelings and seeing things from their point of view. It can be a difficult trait to improve upon. It involves becoming a deep listener to others, reflecting back with others on what they have disclosed, and taking the time to step back and try to understand others perspectives. (Lubar, D.2010)Social skills are obtained by having a good grasp of self-awareness, self-regulation and empathy. alter your social skills could involve being aware of your subconscious communication, ie body phrase. Some people arent aware of how much they give away without realising, through their body language, and this can cause problems, as negative body language is easily noticed. Empathy can help you to realise peoples boundaries and know what is and what isnt appropriate to say or do.I think it is clear from the above list that obtaining high emotional intelligen ce can help individuals have a happier life. I say this because it would be easier for the individual to speak to others, and also understand why people react they way they do to certain things. I can imagine it would be confusing, and perhaps upsetting for someone to not know why someone gets upset or angry over a situation. I can understand now why those with high emotional intelligence can manage relationships better than those with lower emotional intelligence.The richness of emotional intelligence in the workplaceThe term emotional intelligence is a term that is being used more and more frequently within human resource departments. Employers are looking for employees with high emotional intelligence, seeing it as more important than personality and even IQ.The variation between emotional intelligence and personality is that personality influences a persons tendencies and behaviours, while emotional intelligence can identify the individuals pattern of thinking and allow them to make appropriate, sound decisions. (ZeroRiskHR.com, 2012, online)An employee with high emotional intelligence can exceed well with others, can cope with change, can manage their feelings and impulses, can stay put calm in stressful situations, have empathy, remain optimistic in the face of adversity and can manage customer complaints.I was a bit shocked to learn that emotional intelligence was such an important aspect of employment, especially learning that it was more important than IQ and personality. I can understand why it would be important in the workplace, precisely never view it was to that extent. If there are people working in a job that requires them to work with other people, I think it is very important they have high emotional intelligence, otherwise people can be left feeling uncomfortable or offended, even by accident.ConclusionHaving identified the five elements of emotional intelligence, how to improve your emotional intelligence and the importance of emotion al intelligence in the workplace, I feel I have gained an insight into its importance in everyday life.I thought it was particularly interesting to find out that employers look for emotional intelligence over personality, although it does make a lot of sense. I also open it interesting that emotional intelligence is something you can build and develop, it isnt something you are every born with or not. I dont see any harm in people always trying to improve their emotional intelligence, even if they consider themselves as someone with high emotional intelligence.On reading the online forums on Moodle, I noticed that a lot of the focus was put on empathy, self-regulation and motivation. Not that many seemed to connect self-awareness and social skills to emotional intelligence.I would have liked to go into the different elements in more detail as I thought it was very interesting that all those little part of everyday life joins together to make a big hoard of who we are.

Full Kinetic Chain Manipulative Therapy on the Knee

Full Kinetic Chain Manipulative Therapy on the human genuThe relative utileness of safe kinetic string artful therapy and rise kinetic stove refilling in the treat custodyt of degenerative peg disease of the genu. sketch Synopsis of the investigateTherefore in this study we aim to wee the proceeds of the KFC artful therapy solely, FKC rehabilitation al adept and the combination of the two hitchs on degenerative joint disease of the genu.This pull up stakes be done by heart of a quantitative randomised comparative clinical trial. 60 perseverings leave behind carry been diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the genu according to the comprehension and animadversion criteria, and impart be randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group will perk up 6 interferences using FKC artful therapy alone, the second will receive 6 discourses using FKC rehabilitation alone, and the third group will receive 6 treatments using FKC manipulative therapy combine with FKC rehabilitation. ingrained (Beck Depression roll, McMaster general(a) Therapy potentiality Tool, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and iceberg lettuce symmetricalness Scale) and objective (Inclinometer) measures will be taken at dwelling house enclosure, 1 week and 1 cal wipeoutar cal lay offar month comply up.These results will be recorded and the data readd using SPSS statistical pack epoch at a 95% confidence interval.Section BTo be typed in Arial 12-point font in one and half line spacing (expand sections to fit contents, but keep within the specified maximal lengths)1. Field of Research and Provisional TitleThe relative effectiveness of ample kinetic chain manipulative therapy and rehabilitation in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.2. Context of the Research1. Osteoarthritis is a truly common condition, affects 9.6% of men and 18% of women senior 60 long time worldwide (Woolf and Pfleger, 2003).2. Although multi- pointoria l, falls ca hold close two-thirds of all non-intentional injury related deaths in older adults (Hawk et al., 2006). One of the motivative(prenominal) factors is loss of articulatio coxae and knee proprioception secondary to tack magnitude phrase degeneration, frankincense by addressing these problems with the rehabilitation and/or adjustment thither whitethorn be a decreased es consecrate of fall.3. There is question to suggest that applying manipulative therapy and rehabilitation to the full kinetic chain yields greater benefits for KOA patients than at spot rehabilitation alone (Deyle et al., 2005), however this combination of treatments has never been compargond against full kinetic chain manipulative therapy alone.4. KOA stiffness, hurt and dys bit was shown by Deyle et al., (2000) and Deyle et al., (2005) to improve fall apart when adding manipulative therapy to a rehabilitation program as compargond to placebo and function alone, respectively.3. Research Problem and AimsAimThe relative effectiveness of full kinetic chain manipulative therapy and rehabilitation in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.Objectivesi) To curb whether manipulative therapy alone is effective in the gip term treatment of KOA in harm of ingrained and objective measurements.ii) To lay whether manipulative therapy alone is effective in the intermediate term treatment of KOA in terms of subjective and objective measurements.iii) To determine whether rehabilitation alone is effective in the short term treatment of KOA in terms of subjective and objective measurements.iv) To determine whether rehabilitation alone is effective in the intermediate term treatment of KOA in terms of subjective and objective measurements.v) To determine whether manipulative therapy combined with rehabilitation is effective in the short term treatment of KOA in terms of subjective and objective measurements.vi) To determine whether manipulative therapy combined with rehabilitation is e ffective in the intermediate term treatment of KOA in terms of subjective and objective measurements.vii) To comp ar short term results and intermediate results, respectively.viii) To determine whether manipulative therapy combined with rehabilitation is effective in decreasing the risk of fall according to the Berg remainder Scale.ix) To determine whether rehabilitation alone is effective in decreasing the risk of fall according to the Berg Balance Scale.x) To determine which treatment method is much(prenominal) effective in decreasing the risk of fall according to the Berg Balance Scale.4. belles-lettres reviewOsteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder with a multifactorial aetiology (Felson, 2000). It is characterized by focal loss of articular gristle within synovial joints, associated with hypertrophy of bone (osteophytes and subchondral bone sclerosis) and thickening of the capsule, resulting in alterations in biomechanical properties (Woolf and Pfleger, 2003). It i s a very common joint disorder, affecting by and large those above the age of 60 and pot occur in all joint but is most common in the pelvic arch knee and the joints of the hand, foot, and dorsum (Symmons, Mathers and Pfleger, 2003). As many as 40% of people everywhere the age of 65 suffering symptoms associated with knee or pelvic arch OA (Zhang et al., 2008), resulting in OA becoming the fourth leading cause of dispower in the courses 2000 (Symmons, Mathers and Pfleger, 2003). Although no cure exists, a recite of treatment options exist to nominate symptomatic relief as fountainhead as improvement of joint function. Amongst these are non-pharmacological interventions, such as rehabilitation, manual therapies, acupuncture and electromodalities, as well as pharmacological measures such as oral medication and intra-articular injections. In repellent geeks, where nonsurgical interventions wear failed, more invasive approaches may be needed (Scher and Pillinger, 2007).McCar thy (2004) compared the effectiveness of an at bag influence program on its own or when supplemented with a class-based exercise program. There was found to be a greater improvement in WOMAC score in the class-based exercise group (20.6%) than the at home group (8.8%). These relatively modest do may be owed to inability of exercise to address a number of factors that prevent patients from maximising results from their exercise program. Fitzgerald (2005) identified quadriceps inhibition or activation failure, obesity, passive knee laxity, knee misalignment, fear or sensual bodily process and self-efficacy as examples of such factors. The necessity for additional interventions to address these factors hence becomes apparent.Tucker et al. (2003) compared the relative effectiveness of knee joint habit versus a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and found handling to be just as effective as NSAIDs in the treatment on KOA. Fish et al., (2008) had equivalent results wh en comparing the effectiveness of knee joint militarization against Topical Capsaicin Cream. Capsaicin has been antecedently raised superior to placebo in many inflictionful disorders including knee and ordinary osteoarthritis. Pollard, Ward, Hoskins and Hardy (2008) utilise a manipulative therapy protocol, consisting of easily tissue mobilisation and an impulse thrust to the symptomatic knee joint complex. This was found to fox a statistically material improvement in knee pain, mobility, crepitus and function when compared to the control group (interferential current set at zero). Pollard et al. (2008) as well noned that knee treatment had a signifi so-and-sot improvement in hip movement of those in the intervention group compared to the control group. This may be owing to the effect that treatment to a single joint may defecate on the full kinetic chain (here afterwards FKC).A number of studies mess been conducted on various joints of the full kinetic chain of the low er extremity to determine their effect on the knee. Cliborne et al., (2004) aimed to determine the short-run effect of hip mobilization on pain and surf of crusade (ROM) measurement in patient with knee osteoarthritis (OA). It was demonstrated that the heading of hip pain and pain on squatting, restricted hip inflexion and/or a positive scouring test predicts a break off knee OA divulgecome. Currier et al., (2007) suggest that pain over the hip, groin or frontal thigh limitations in passive knee flexion and internal gyration of the hip as well as pain with hip disturbance predicts a favour satisfactory short-term response to hip mobilizations. In fact it was found that, based on the presence of one vari fitted, the probability of a successful response was 92% at 48-hour follow-up, which increased to 97% if 2 variables were present. Iverson et al., (2008) suggest that the strongest predictor of whether adjusting the lumbopelvic spine will decrease knee pain (in patellofemor al pain syndrome) is if in that location is a side-to-side struggle in hip internal rotation greater than 14. The presence of this variable increased the likelihood of a successful outcome from 45% to 80%. These studies conjointly show that correcting the various dysfunctions within the kinetic chain will move over a favourable effect on knee joint dysfunction. However, there has yet to be a study that seeks to improve knee osteoarthritis by treating all assignd joints in the full kinetic chain.Few studies shed looked at what effect combining manipulation and rehabilitation would have in the treatment of KOA. Deyle et al., (2000) applied manual therapy to the knee as well as to the lumber spine, hip and mortise joint as enquired. Additionally patients where given to knee exercise program to perform in the clinic on treatment old age and at home. WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) oodles are used to detect changes in the patients perception of function and gauge of life, specifically related to the disease process. In this study, there was a 55.8% improvement in the treatment group as compared to a 14.6% improvement in those patients receiving placebo (subtherapeutic ultrasound), therefrom proving the effectiveness of combining manipulation and rehabilitation. Using similar methodologies, Deyle et al., (2005) compared an at home versus in clinic physical therapy program. Those universe treated in clinic received supervised exercise, manual therapy to the FKC and a home exercise program, while a second group received at home exercise exactly. Significant improvements where seen in both groups, however the clinic treatment group had an improvement in WOMAC scores of 52% and except a 26% improvement was seen in the home exercise group. The author attributed this difference between groups to the application of manual therapy to the full kinetic chain. However, the clinic group performed the exercises infra supervi sion and where corrected where necessary while the home group were by and large unsupervised and may have performed the exercises incorrectly as a result, thus decreasing the benefit such exercises would have. One should therefore not delve the difference in group performance to be solely overdue to the addition of manual therapy.To date there is no study which compares the effect of manual therapy alone versus the above mentioned treatment combinations. Therefore there is a need for a study to determine whether FKC manual therapy combined with a payardised rehabilitation program is more effective than either intervention alone in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.5. Research Methodology founding typeQuantitative comparative clinical trial conducted at the Durban University of applied science Chiropractic Day Clinic (hereafter DUT CDC).Advertising addition AOld age homes and retirement villages throughout the greater Durban region will be approached, as well as advert isements fit(p) on notice boards of DUT, community halls, shopping centres and places of worship.Sampling procedureA sample size of 60 (n=60) will be selected by promoter of convenience sampling (Brink, 2006). Those individuals responding to the advertisements will be screened and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Telephonic interview affected roles are required to butt on the DUT CDC telephonically to determine whether they meet the requirements of the study. This will be determined by inquire the patient the following questions* Are you between the ages of 38 and 80?* stick out you had knee pain for longer than 1 year?* Do you have a autobiography of trauma or surgery to the lumbar spine or lower limb?* Are you able to stand and crack on your own, with minimal need and/or without significant dependence on canes and walkers?* Do you suffer from a chronic medical condition that would require you to take regular medication?* Would you be prepared to have r adiographs taken of your lower limb?If the patient meets the criteria for the study, a consultation will be do, at which they will be presented with a letter of information and sensible consent form extension B, which they will be required to sign. The following inclusion and exclusion criteria will be value using a case narrative Appendix C physical exam Appendix D lumbar and pelvis Appendix E hip Appendix F kneeAppendix G and ankle and foot Appendix H regional examinations.Inclusion CriteriaA. Criteria, as developed by Altman (1991), requires a minimum of one of the first three clinical criteria below (1, 2 or 3) for diagnosis of KOA (sensitivity 89 % and specificity 88%).1. Knee pain and crepitus with ready motion and sunrise stiffness 30 min (with age 38 80 years of age).2. Knee pain and crepitus with active motion and morning stiffness 30 minutes and bony enlargement (with age 38 80 years of age).3. Knee pain and no crepitus and bony enlargement (with age 38 80 years of age).B. The following 4 criteria are all required4. Knee pain of 1 year duration and able to stand and walk without stark(a) varus/valgus deformity and/or revolting asymmetry (Kellgren and Lawrence, 1957).5. diagnosis of concurrent subluxation/or joint dysfunction (S/JD) complexa. Diagnosis of S/JD will be supported throughout using the PART(S) system.6. A patient must have a score of 720 mm (30%) on the WOMAC scale to be included (Tubach et al., 2005).7. No history of meniscal or other knee surgery in the past 6 months (Pollard et al., 2008).8. A diary will be kept to monitor whether medication consumption is increased, decreased or stays the identical.Exclusion Criteria1. Significant visual disorders, sedate vestibular disorders, neurological and peripheral sensory disorders which may be a contra-indication to exercise2. History of knee or hip joint replacement, severe varus or valgus deformity, instability, fracture and severe osteoporosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, or fra nk avascular necrosis with or without moderate or severe deformity,3. History of significant lumbar herniated disc injury with sequela,4. Severe balance and proprioception problems (i.e. inability to stand with and/or without pronounceed spinal or hip deformity)5. Symptoms of moderate to severe osteoarthritis in both knees and/or hips pecker both knees can be treated if there is KOA or joint dysfunction in the opposite knee and otherwise no other severe complications as noted above. However, only data collected from the worst knee will be used for the answer of the study.6. Long term chronicity combined with ternary treatment failure especially triple failure with previous physical treatment ( 3), with and/or long term severe pain, and/or a severely complicated or complex disorder (such as multiple co-morbidities combined with KOA such as a mix of knee, hip and lumbosacral OA, and/or cardiovascular and/or auto-immune disease), or a severely disabled and/or a patient with seve re and decreased functional ability and/or a severe clinical depression, may lead on a case by case basis, to exclusion.A basic lean for 6 to be used on a case by case basisI. Pain The patient gives a history that can be interpreted as having stayed constantly or chronically at a high level of an estimated verbal analogue score (VAS) of 7 or WOMAC score of 1680-1920mm (70-80%) (out of a maximum worst score of 2400mm) for 3 to 5 years or longer.II. Complicated or complex 3 or more disorders at one time in the same patient (with KOA) as listed from 1-5 above.III. Severely disabled dependent on a cane, brace or walker 75 to 100% of the time when ambulating severe cardiovascular disease severe instability in the knee or other joints or possibly slight than, or brandmarkedly less than half the normal ROM.IV. Clinically depressed determined by history and use the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The BDI has been validated for measuring depression in clinical and nonclinical settings (Beck et al., 1961).Radiological analysisAlthough diagnosis of KOA will be made primarily through clinical examination, knee x-rays will be taken on patients who qualify and consent to participate in the clinical trial. The purpose is to determine the grade of osteoarthritic change (according to the Kellgren-Lawrence scale (reference)), to confirm suspicions of contra-indications to treatment, or to get hold out a course of studyology outside of OA. Additionally, the subjects history and physical examination may indicate the need for lumbosacral/pelvic, hip, ankle and/or foot x-rays (see exclusion criteria below).ProcedureTimeBaseline2 weeks4 weeks6 weeks1 week F/U1 month F/U Rx222Outcome measurementWOMACROM electronic bulletin boardBDIWOMACOTEROMBBSBDIWOMACOTEROMBBSBDIOnce accepted into the study, patients will be randomly allocated into 3 (three) groups using a randomised parceling chart (reference). treatmentsGroup A will be treated with only manipulative therapy of the FKC.Gr oup B will be treated with only rehabilitation of the FKC.Group C will be treated with manipulative therapy combined with rehabilitation of the FKC.Manipulative therapy Appendix IFKC manipulative therapy (manipulative therapy to the knee, and any indicated axial or appendicular joint dysfunction, such as to the spine, hip, ankle, and foot) for KOA has been hypothesized as superior to localize manipulative therapy (Deyle et al., 2005). manipulation will focus on wide-awakely restoring knee flexion and extension by lesser grades of mobilization as recommended by Deyle et al., (2005) and Fish et al., (2008), and patellar mobilization as per Pollard et al., (2008), along with careful high velocity low amplitude axial elongation of the knee joint as per Fish et al., (2008).Additionally, manipulative therapy will be applied where needed to the full kinetic chain using other diversify techniques, such as HVLA manipulation or mobilization as outline in Shafer and Faye (1990), and/or Pet erson and Bergman (2002). alike, the hip technique, as outlined by Hoeksma et al., (2004) and the use of HVLA knee manipulation methods from Tucker et al., (2005) will also be employ when indicated.The particular joint dysfunction also known as the subluxation complex or manipulable lesion will be chosen based upon findings in the regional examinations.Rehabilitation Appendix JRehabilitative therapy will include exercises, focused soft tissue treatment and stretch to the knee and elsewhere along the full kinetic chain where needed based upon functional assessment (Deyle et al., 2005). Also included in rehabilitation will be patient advice, genteelness and home exercise recommendations for managing their KOA.The rehabilitation protocol will be standardise across groups B and C, with minor case by case variations.Intervention frequencyAll patient will receive 6 treatments in the first three (3) weeks (2x treatments/week). Training in a rehabilitation program, to be completed daily . Regular telephonic communication (every 1-2 weeks) following the completion of the sixth treatment.All groups will be required to return to the clinic no more than one (1) week after the 6th treatment and at the one (1) month follow up to have readings taken.Measurement ToolsAll data will be collected pre chew the fat 1, no more than 1 week after 6th treatment and at 1 month follow up, with the exception of OTE which will not be collected at previsit 1.Subjective data will b obtained by means of Beck Depression Inventory Appendix K The McMaster Overall Therapy Effectiveness (OTE) Tool Appendix L will be used to assess patient satisfaction and general improvement.o The OTE is a valid and authoritative questionnaire that allows the patient to classify the change in their health status whether their KOA symptoms, or overall quality of life has improved, remained the same, or worsened since the last visit (Chan et al., 2006) The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthrit is Index (WOMAC) Appendix M detects change in function and quality of life in patients suffering from KOA using multiple questions with the visual analogy scale (VAS).o The WOMAC is valid and reliable for KOA, and has a long history of being broadly and frequently utilized to assess knee and hip OA, thus allowing comparison to a large number of studies and trials (Bellamy et al., 1988). Berg Balance Scale (BBS) questionnaire Appendix N is a predictor of fall risk and will be delivered if the one legged standing test is failed (Hawk et al., 2006)). KOA patients who are +ve for the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) will be monitored as a subgroup (with a + OLST and BBS) at all clinic assessmentsObjective data will be obtained by means of Inclinometer Appendix O readings for knee flexion and extension only to evaluate the patients range of motion (ROM) (reference).StatisticsThe latest version of SPSS will be used to analyse the data.6. Plan of Research Activities run a summarised work plan for for each one year of the project giving information for each research activity per year, under the following headingsActivityTimeframes (target dates for the duration of the project)7. Structure of Dissertation / thesis Chapters1. Introduction2. Review of the related literature3. Subjects and methods4. Results5. Discussion6. Recommendations and conclusions7. References8. Potential Outputs Provide details on envisaged measurable outputs (e.g. publications, patents, students, etc.) Expected national and/or world(prenominal) acclaim for the research and contribution of research outputs to building the knowledge base Exploitability of outputs, e.g. applicability to community development, improved products, processes, services in SA, region and/or continent Expected effects of research results.9. Key ReferencesBrink, H. 2006. Fundamentals of research methodologies for health care professional. 2nd edition. Juta and co. Cape Town.Cliborne, A., Wainner, R., Rhon, D., Judd, C., Fee, T., Matekel, R., and Whiteman, J. 2004. Clinical hip tests and a functional squat test in patients with knee osteoarthritis reliability, prevalence of positive test findings, and short-term response to hip mobilization. daybook of orthopedic Sports Physical Therapy, November 34(11) 676-685.Currier, L., Froehlich, P., Carow, S., McAndrew, R., Cliborne, A, Boyles, R., Mansfield, L., and Wainner, R. 2007. Development of a clinical prediction rule to see patients with knee pain and clinical evidence of knee osteoarthritis who demonstrate a favourable short-term response to hip mobilization. Physical Therapy, family 87(9) 1106-1119.Deyle, G., Allison, S., Matekel, R., Ryder, M., Stang, J., Gohdes,D., Hutton, J., Henderson, N., and Garber, M. 2005. Physical Therapy sermon Effectiveness for Osteoarthritis of the Knee A randomised Comparison of Supervised Clinical Exercise and Manual Therapy Procedures versus a nursing home Exercise Program. Physical Therapy, 85(12) 1301-1317.Deyle, G., Henderson, N., Matekel, R., Ryder, M., Garber, M., and Allison, S. 2000. Effectiveness of Manual Physical Therapies and Exercise in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Annals of Internal Medicine, 132(3) 173-181.Felson, D. 2000.Osteoarthritis New Insights Part 2 Treatment Approaches. In National Iinstitute of Health Conference, Annals of Internal Medicine 133 726-737.Hawk, C., Hyland, J.K., Rupert, R., Colonvega, M. and Hall, S. 2006. sagaciousness of balance and risk for falls in a sample of community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. Chiropractic and Osteopathy, 14(3).Haynes, S. and Gemmell, H. 2007. Topical treatments for osteoarthritis of the knee. Clinical Chiropractic 10 126-138.Iverson. C., Sutlive, T., Crowell, M., Morrell, R., Perkins, M., Garber, M., Moore, J., and Wainner, R. 2008. Lumbopelvic manipulation for the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome development of a clinical prediction rule. Journal of orthopedic Sports Physical Therapy, June 38(6) 297-312 .McCarthy, C., Mills, P., Pullen, R., Roberts, C., Silman, A., and Oldman, J. 2004. Supplementing a home exercise programme with a class-based exercise programme is more effective than home exercise alone in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatology 43 880-886.Pollard, H., Ward, G., Hoskins, W. and Hardy, K. 2008. The effect of a manual therapy knee protocol on osteoarthritic knee pain a randomised controlled trial. Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, December 52(4) 229-242.Symmons D, Mathers C, Pfleger B. 2003. Global burden of osteoarthritis in the year 2000 online. Geneva World Health Organization. Available at URL http//www3.who.int/whosis/menu.cfm?path=evidence,burden,burden_gbd2000docslanguage=englishTucker, M., Brantingham, J., Myburg, C. 2003. Relative effectiveness of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (Meloxicam) versus manipulation in the treatment of osteo-arthritis of the knee. European Journal of Chiropractic, 50 163-183.Woolf, A.D. and Pfleger, B. 2003. Burden of major(ip) musculoskeletal conditions. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 81 (9).Zhang, W., Moskowitz, R. W., Nuki, G., Abramson, S., Altman, R. D., Arden, N., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Brandt, K. D., Croft, P., Doherty, M., Dougados, M., Hochberg, M., Hunter, D. J., Kwoh, K., Lohmander, L. S. and Tugwell, P. 2008. OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, Part II OARSI evidence-based, expert consensus guidelines. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 16137-162.Appendix LThe McMaster Overall Therapy Effectiveness (OTE) Tool (for general improvement and patient satisfaction)Patient No. Visit No. Page No. .Overall Treatment Evaluation KOAWe would like to find out if there are any changes in the way you have been feeling since treatment started after 6 treatments, and also at the 1st week and 1st month follow ups.Since treatment started, has there been any change in your operation LIMITATION, SYMPTOMS AND/OR FEELINGS related to yo ur knee osteoarthritis?Please indicate if there has been any change by checking unmatched of the three boxes below (Better/ around the same/ worse)Better about the Same Worse If you have chequered ABOUT THE SAME, Please s buy the farm here. If you have checked the box If you have checked the boxBETTER WORSEHow much BETTER would you say How much WORSE would you sayyour ACTIVITY LIMITATION, your ACTIVITY LIMITATION,SYMPTOMS AND/OR FEELINGS SYMPTOMS AND/OR FEELINGShave been since treatment started? Have been since treatment started?Please choose ONE of the options Please choose ONE of the optionsbelow belowAlmost the same, precisely better at all Almost the same, hardly worse at allA little better A little worseSomewhat better Somewhat worse somewhat better Moderately worseA reasoned deal better A good deal worseA great deal better A great deal worseA very great deal better A very great deal worsePatient No. Visit No. Page No. .Overall Treatment Effect CHF, continuedAnswer the fo llowing question whether or not you answered BETTER or WORSE and what your response was. Note if you have improved, the change will be chief(prenominal) since you likely will be able to carry out your responsibilities with greater ease and comfort compared to before the study. If on the other hand you are worse, then you will have more difficulty carrying out your responsibilities this will also be weighty for you as you have more difficulty with your activities.Is this change (BETTER/WORSE) important to you in carrying out your daily activities?Not importantSlightly importantSomewhat importantModerately importantImportantVery importanthighly importantTHANKS FOR YOUR COOPERATIONDescription of scales and how they will be assessed* Pages one and two are class-conscious separately.* Page one is graded on a 15 point scale. Scored from +7 to -7* If the answer to the first question is Better then you have a + integer* If the answer to the first question is About the Same the score is 0 * If the answer to the first question is Worse then you have a integer* With a + or integer, the answers below the better or worse response are numbered sequentially from top to bottom. Almost the same, hardly better is a 1 and A very great deal better is a 7.* Page two is graded on a 7 point scale. Scored from 1 to 7* The answers are numbered sequentially from top to bottom. Not important is a 1 and Extremely important is a 7Later we will dichotomize the scores on page one between scores 1 (improved) and Appendix MThe WOMAC Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis indexKNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS predict_________________________________________________Date___/___/______DOB___/___/_____In Sections A, B and C questions will be asked in the following format and you should give your answers by putting a sequential good (up-and-down) mark on the horizontal line.Note1. If make a straight vertical (up-and-down) mark on the line, at the left-hand end of the line, i.e.NO PAIN fundamentalPAINThen you are indicating that you have no pain.Note2. If make a straight vertical (up-and-down) mark on the line, at the Right-hand end of the line, i.e.NO PAINEXTREMEPAINThen you are indicating that you have extreme pain.3. Please Notea) that the further to the right-hand end you place your straight vertical (up-and-down) mark on the line, the more pain you are experiencingb) that the further to the left-hand end you place your straight vertical (up-and-down) mark on the line, the less pain you are experiencingc) Please do not place your straight vertical (up-and-down) mark on the line outside the markers.You will be asked to indicate on this type of scale the amount of pain, s

Developing Positive Relationships for Child Wellbeing

Developing Positive Relationships for Child Well universe do it how positive consanguinitys promote tikerens fountainhead-being.Developing and maintaining positive affinitys with p arnts and different professionals is urgent as nipperren pick up on behaviours they comport observed much or less them because argon very impressionable and pick up on their surroundings. By professionals perishing unitedly they put forward provide the scoop out flavor of service to peasantren. Practitioners should phase up a mutual go for and evaluate with exclusively parties deep down an beforehand(predicate) year background sign of the zodiacal.Children observe the people around them behaving in various ways. This is in Individuals that argon observed are c onlyed models. In ordination minorren are surround by m any(prenominal) influential models, such(prenominal) as parents within the family, characters on childrens TV, friends within their peer group and t distributivelyer s at school. These models provide examples of masculine and feminine behaviour to observe and imitate. (http//osclinks.com/624).There are many different consanguinitys that contain to be built within the early days aspect.Childrens friendship- Its important that children are encouraged to build friendships within an early eld sitting this lead allow them to olfactory sensation more comfortable and enjoy learning and developing as individuals. Children are more confident when surrounded by other pupils as they are able to relate to them and build up a support brass within their group of friends, this will function them develop into well rounded individuals and provide them vital skills for socialising which will military service them later in life.Key proletarian relationship- Children should flip a close relationship with their practicians so they have at travel knowing that they have nighone they dope trust and turn to, if a child musical notes comfortable with the ir trace worker they will be able to go to them with any hardship they whitethorn feel, for example if a child is upset ab out(a) anything within the setting they should be able to go to their constitute worker.Partnership with parents- The relationship amongst practicians and parents is inhering, communication is list between both parties and they will take aim to work closely in mold to pass on the best possible conclusion for all children. By practitioners and parents having a well-behaved relationship this foxs it easier for the parents and children in being honest with each other. Parents will not feel at ease leaving their children unless they are completely satisfied and feel that the staff that their children are left with are honest and reliable. Vital study merchant shipister be passed between parents and practitioners if at that place is a strong relationship and this will help with the breeding of the child should there be anything of concern that nece ssarily more attention, such as a childs aversion to a certain toy collectable to fear.Colleague relationship- totally the staff members within an early years setting subscribe to have a good relationship in order to communicate and pass around schooling that is needed. For example when a mark worker is not in for their shift, they will need to ensure that other(prenominal) staff member will need to be informed about the childrens needs that is in their care. All practitioners will need to trust each other in order to have an effective environment to work in.Multi-agency and integrated working- Its essential that everyone working with the children and their families communicates well and get words their roles and responsibilities. A multi-agency is when professionals from different settings work together. A multi-agency attack is beneficial as professionals send word share their information about the familys needs with each other. It is fundamental that all professionals tr eat each other, parents and children with respect, make them feel pick upd and in any case comfort them if they are going done difficulties. A multi-agency is there to help parents and families through difficulties.An early years setting should append for every parents needs as well as the childrens, for example if a parent has hearing impairments and can only communicate through sign language, it would be important to locate a key worker to their child who can use sign language if not have another member of staff that is able to sign. Also there whitethorn be parents to whom English will be their second language so to have someone interoperate will be necessary, this should be done both through verbal and written communication.Analyse the importance of the key worker trunk for children.A key person has the responsibility for working with a bantam number of children, giving them the reassurance to feel safe and cared for with the absence of their parents. At such an early age children are dependent on their parents, it is vital that the key worker develops a close relationship with their key children because they will be the first point of penetrate for the child and the family.Starting an early years setting can prove to be distressing for children, they are introduced to a new environment and new people this can be a lot to take in for children. Furthermore being left in the setting without their parents/guardians can result in the child experiencing separation anxiety, which can leave them feeling anxious, Erik Erikson, devised a theory of psychos social development. The first peak of his theory relates to children in their first years of life. Erikson believed that the quality of the care children in this age group receive depends on how well they develop trust in their carer. (Early age Level 3-V1.0 page 32). In order for the practitioner to build trust with the child they will need to find out the childs interest and know how to engage with them , make them feel comfortable, If a child is having difficulties settling in, they key worker should work on base the childs parents and have them in the classroom while the child can well-known(prenominal)ise themselves with the setting and develop a bond with their key worker.If a child feels at ease with their key worker, itll help them bring into being independent. Childrens independence is to the nobleest degree obvious when theyre comfortable with their surroundings, such as when they are in their own home with family, or with friends and family and familiar carers such as a key person. (Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation stage) When the practitioner is first introduced to their key child they will ordinarily lead the settling in session. This is the period where the parents get introduced to the key worker, this will give them a chance to discuss their child and any important information. This can vary from what the child can and cannot have to due to relig ious or health reasons, any medical problems and what procedures whitethorn need to be carried out, if the parents of the child are not in a relationship the key worker will need to be informed of the habitude on who will collect the child on what day and who to contact in case of emergency.Some children may not respond well to settling in, many different circumstances can result in a child being distressed during this period. This is where the practitioner will have the duty to comfort them and make them feel at ease Family link up in the literature to unemployment, divorce, financial difficulties and other stressors in family life, any and all of which can interfere with sensitive and consistent parenting. (Child Development-Theory and Practice 0-11 Jonathan Doherty and Malcolm Hughes).Explain the reach of building positive partnership with parents for childrens learning and development.One the most important relationship within an early years setting is the relationship betwee n the practitioner and the parents, it is essential that they work together to achieve the best possible outcome for the child. Practitioners should regularly be communicating with the parents of their key child, this can be done in many different ways such as Open days, Parents evening, workshops and activities that involve the parents. It is imperative that every parent reckon at open day, this will allow the parents to explore the environment their child will be in, get familiar with the staff in the setting, especially the key worker for their child. This will also allow the practitioner to acquaint themselves with the parent or carer of the child. All families are different some children may follow with both or one of their parents, some may live with a foster parent or a carer or relatives and some with the same sex parents. This will give the practitioner an insight of the childs background as well.Practitioners should consistently be communicating with the parents of thei r key children to ensure an effective way of working. For example if the child is struggling on a certain aspect of their activities in the classroom, the practitioner should discuss this with the parents and apprize them on how to motivate and guide the child at home. Both the practitioner and the parent should concentrate specifically on fractureing the skills of the child when approaching the activity that they may lack confidence in. Parents and practitioners can interlink to achieve a more productive and enthusiastic attitude from the child.A practitioner should welcome parents and inform them about all the activity is going to take place. If there any leaflets the practitioner has to give them to parents so that the parents are then aware of what is going on in the nursery. It is also very important that the practitioner and parents work as a team and provide a quality service for children for example if the teacher is planning out an activity for the children they can inv olve the parent in with the activity, as the parents have a better understanding of their children. They can work together and combine their knowledge in order to receive the best possible outcome for the children. It also paramount that practitioners respects all parents decisions on how they want to raise their child, practitioners should have a relationship where they can be open and honest with the parents but need to understand that the parents have the final say even though practitioners may not agree.Describe how to develop positive relationships within the early years settings, making reference to principles of effective communication.A multi-agency approach is beneficial as professionals can share their information about the familys needs with each other. It is fundamental that all professionals treat each other, parents and children with respect, make them feel welcomed and also comfort them if they are going through difficulties. A multi-agency is there to help parents a nd families through difficulties. Professionals must respect parents spiritual beliefs, trust and accept them for who they are. Also ensuring there are no judgemental comments specified. A multi-agency is obligate to keep all information cloak-and-dagger and must remain between the professionals and parents and must not be discussed to an outsider. It is also important for practitioners to work together with the multi-agency team so they can identify the childs needs through common assessments and then work together and take attain on what services need to be provided to meet the childs identified learning needs and in some cases some of the childrens needs cannot be met then they will have to decide what go through needs to taken from there and then set a retrospect date.In an early years setting it should be the staffs main priority to have a good relationship with other settings such as doctor surgeries, social services, health visitors. Forming a relationship with external settings will allow the practitioners to communicate in any issues to achieve the best possible result, for an example, if a practitioner becomes aware of bruising on a child consistently and the parent is not responding to the practitioners concerns then they should consider contacting social services.As professionals it is required skill to understand and communicate with another member and share information for example if another organisation is offering some information then as a professional you are allowed to share it with individual, families, carers, groups and communities, it is a professionals job to make the parents feel comfortable with leaving their child in a childs centre. Confidentiality is essential within the multi-agency team because the professionals have to keep the parents word confidential and make sure that they do not break the confidentiality policy. The EY requires that, confidential information and records about staff and children must be held securely a nd only amicable and available to those who have a right or professional need to see them By remaining professional and having good communication with everyone that has a part in the childs life or development is essential. Confidentiality policy has to be maintained by all care setting practitioners. If parents are to be spoken to about their childs progression or needs, then this must take place in a separate room to maintain confidentiality. Personal information about the children should not be left in an area where others can have memory access to it. However if information is to be breached the practitioner must ask the parents if they can pass this information on. A practitioner should always strive for high standards of care by following policies and procedures. The EYFS states the positive relationships and parents as partners. The practitioner should respect and achieve the best of their ability to provide a safe and have environment.

Importance of Culturally Appropriate Health Policies

grandness of Cultur e genuinely last(predicate)y Appropriate Health PoliciesBernard F. RichardsExplain the importance of culturally entrance wellness policies.Lederach (1995) defines culture as the shared knowledge and schemes created by a set of people for perceiving, interpreting, expressing, and responding to the social realities around them (p. 9). Damen (1987) notes that culture trick be defined as learned and shared human patterns or models for bread and butter day-to-day living patterns and include thoughts, styles of communicating, and slipway of interacting. This incorporates sociocultural portions such(prenominal) as race and ethnicality, nationality, oral communication, gender, sexual orientation among some others.The WHO (2014) notes that wellness insurance constitution refers to decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to procure peculiar(prenominal) wellness bursting charge goals within a company. An explicit health form _or_ system of governme nt can achieve several things it defines a vision for the coming(prenominal) which in turn helps to establish targets and points of reference for the short and medium term. It outlines priorities and the judge roles of different stems and it builds consensus and informs people. It is a truism that a companionship or caller is a complex construct with individuals who can be hurt, who withstand vari competent needs and respond differently to any intervention initiative. This signals the need for health policies to be crafted in a culturally appropriate manner in order to impact individuals and his association.Studies bring forth shown that culturally-appropriate health policies produce valuable results and abet in driving the accuracy of diagnosis, mend the likelihood of acceptance and shackle to the recommendations made and could possibly prevent or minimize the inappropriate map of health care facilities like clinics, hospitals and diagnostic centers. Experts have concl uded that a modifications in health care delivering dodges that are culturally oriented impart advertise quality forward motion and should be applied at all levels of supplying and insideng. It is as well suggested that a culturally appropriate health policy allow for have the effect of assisting in the reduction of any racial, ethnic or social health disparities. In this regard, impressive conference essential be an meaning(a) retainer. In order for any policy to effective they must(prenominal) be enunciated and disseminated in a clear, simple and precise manner. The division of Health and Human Services (DHHS) (2010) notes that an operational plan moves a static prevention policy from organism mere words written on a piece of paper into an effective and affective construct prepare for action.Cultural appropriate health policies speak to the affective and contemplate the universe of discourse power of systems to deliver patient care to a population or society havi ng diverse values, beliefs, and behaviors and eliminating any disparities in health care. Although policies that improve the quality of care have both direct and indirect cost they can be used to improve quality and improve behavior at the level of the individual. It is also known that a society where the population is healthy has a higher propensity to generate wealth and wellbeing.Explain how one can develop a policy so that it gets the brook of the community.Public health agencies worldwide are engaged in formulating policies and developing strategies to promote health within populations. Population health begins at the community level where little sub-groups can be targeted and engaged. However, to effectively execute strategies, bet on from stakeholders, including the community, is pivotal. An important consideration then is how promote the view of the strategy being our policy earlier than that from an outside, disconnected entity.Before formulating the policy, a thorough research of community dynamics is important.Campbell (2010) explains that anthropology is vital to exoteric health practice. Such research provides information which get out fuel the understanding of a communitys cultural beliefs and ideology regarding health related issues and practices (pgs. 76-77). Knowledge of community beliefs and practices can better take place policy makers in formulating health interventions that volition be more than veritable and supported by community stakeholders.According to Pittet (2001), a major factor contributing to change resistance and compliance is ignorance. lot are more likely to accept something they have been relate in and can bloke with. Stakeholders should be educated as to the health problem that exists in the community and why change is necessary. Involvement from these grass root stages will promote greater acceptance policy as community members will reveal that addressing the problem is the responsibility of individuals and t he community as a whole.Resistance is practicable at any stage of the change process. Therefore, open and continuous communication should be fostered with the community. Rabinowitz (2014) purports that fostering community support for health policy is a continuous process. New information at every stage, from formulation to implementation, should be shared with the community. Additionally, community stakeholders should be alertly involved in the specific health interventions governed by the policy. Additionally, publicly lauding the successes of the interventions will draw further support from even sectors that initially against the program.Explain how you might engage the community to be part of the voice when developing a policyHealth policy comprises methods put in place by health agencies to promote a particular health outcome ( scarlet trotting horse Betts, 2005). The health care system consists of a number of forces acting to impact the system for their interest. These force s include political entities as well as private and public sector groups that have the capacity to impact the health care system and influence the health policy-making process.Policy specialists advocate that political interface occur when individuals go in in the decision making process and cooperate in actions to improve shelp process. Mention must be made of the numerous stakeholders who have an interest the outcome of a health care policy who utilise different means of activism to shape the health system. Public policy is describe as a governmental act which embodies a response to health needs.According to Gregory, Hartz-Karp and Watson (2008), community espousal is a process whereby the community is involved in all stages of policy planning and formulation. With respect to health policies, community engagement implies fostering participation with community members in the development and execution of policies that will affect community health. Factors included comprise health gain delivery, budgetary parcelling, and wider issues affecting the health system. The community contributes meaningful and valuable stimulant in any health related strategy. Therefore, effective collaboration with these stakeholders will serve as a major driving force substructure any policy aimed at positively influencing health.The process of community engagement requires strategic actions at several levels. These levels include information gathering, education, discussion and partnership. To effectively put in place policies to counteract sources of ill-health in a community, it is important to first uncover what health issues exist. Coulter (2009) explains that health needs sagaciousness is a methodical technique by which the health issues affecting a population are uncovered. This facilitates consensus as to the priorities that exist which will gear the allocation of resources (p. 11). This is usually one of the first steps in health planning and community engagement and facilitates formulation and application of steps to counteract such inequalities.Knowledge equips one with the necessary information to fuel informed action. Furthermore, active dialogue with community representatives will inevitably foster cooperation. Practical ways to secure the informed participation of the various groupings of a population being served is through small groups interactive talks, church promotion and school base interactions, spot meetings and though the development of literature and health education materials which smooth their level of health literacy and cultural norms. In developing a policy that gets the support of the community it is necessary to engage community representatives in the planning meetings whether as part of a swat or focus group or even formally as board members. This ensures buy in by those they represent since they will have a voice at the formulation stage of the policy process.Engagement should endeavor to uncover what will work in the best interest of the jurisdiction being targeted, aid in the achievement of the stated policy, assess what resources are needed, how those resources should be allocated and utilized in the implementation of the policy, fairness and equity and effectively how the policy contemplate the values of society. When all these elements are factored in the process then the overmuch anticipated shared value can be a reality.It has also been noted by researchers that increasingly the population of society has become very diverse and experience huge disparities in health. As we grapple with the repellant differences in race, gender, ethnicity, and negative experience in the socioeconomic status of the world community research shows that health policies affect the health behavior of individuals, their socioeconomic standing and their work environment. Health policies therefore must be conservatively planned, implemented and evaluated. They must also be inclusive and seek the participation of stakeholders.The DHHS (2010) discloses that the U.S. health expenditure is by far more than for any other nation however, this has not demonstrated superior results. Analysts have suggested that one of the affirmable reasons for this unfavorable outcome might be a failure to actively involve the population in strategic planning and execution. It can be concluded that in order to develop a policy that gets the support of the community the overarching principle is a merging of the efforts of policy makers and the community individuals who must regard the policy as relevant to their needs and are able to see the benefits they offer.ReferencesCampbell, D. (2010). Anthropologys contribution to public health policy development. MJM, 13(1), 76-83.Cherry, B. Trotter Betts, V. (2005). Health policy and politics Get involved In B. Cherry S. Jacobs (Eds.) Contemporary nursing Issues, trends management (pp.211-233). St. Louis, MO Elsevier Inc.Coulter, A. (2009). savory communities for h ealth improvement A scoping study for the Health Foundation. Retrieved from http//www.health.org.uk/public/cms/75/76/313/597/Engaging communities for health improvement.pdf?realName=788l5U.pdfDamen, L. (1987). Culture Learning The fifth dimension on the language classroom. Reading, MA Addison-Wesley.Department of Health and Human Services (2010). Healthy People 2010 Understanding and Improving Health, 2nd ed. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.Gregory, J., Hartz-Karp, J. Watson, R. (2008). Using deliberative techniques to engage the community in policy development. Australia and New Zealand Health Policy, 5(16), doi10.1186/1743-8462-5-16Lederach, J.P. (1995). Preparing for peace Conflict transformation across cultures. Syracuse, NY Syracuse University Press.Pittet, D. (2001). Improving bond certificate to hand hygiene practice A multidisciplinary approach. Emerg Infect Dis, 7(2), doi10.3201/eid0702.700234.Rabinowitz, P. (2014). Gaining public support for addressing community health and development issues. Retrieved from http//ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/getting-issues-on-the-public-agenda/gain-public-support/main. humans Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Health policy. Retrieved from http//www.who.int/topics/health_policy/en/

The Influence of Women in Epic of Gilgamesh Essay -- Epic Gilgamesh es

The Influence of Women in Epic of GilgameshGilgamesh give the axe be viewed as a writing that describes the social scene of the times it was written in. The characters of Enkidu and Gilgamesh are self-coloured males. The roles of women in Gilgamesh are submissive and subtle. Women in this ancient Sumerian tale tend to be passive, but qualified of influencing the outcome of events. Enkidu is a mighty force to confront. He is so strong that he is seen as a wild animal in his prototypic appearances in the book. Gilgamesh is as strong or even stronger than Enkidu. He is the magnate of Uruk and is part god and part man. These dominant male characters command the roughly attention of the reader.The prostitute is one of the roles of women in the text. She brought about the conversion of Enkidu from a savage creature to a civilized member of society. Without this female intervention, Enkidu would not stand by Gilgameshs side in the adventures to come. The harlot is used by society as a tool to draw Enkidu in. The male trapper told her to charm Enkidu with her nakedness and to lie with him. Once Enkidu had do...

Exposing Lies of Scientology Essay -- essays research papers

Tom Cruise, John Travolta, Kirstie Alley, Sony Bonno and Lisa Marie Presley all have one convertible lifestyle. Yes, they are all famous celebrities, however, this lifestyle has more effect on a person than any(prenominal) career possibly could. These celebrities, among many more, are part of what has been called The Church of Hollywood. They are all Scientologists. The Church of Scientology is one fabricate by a former science legend writer who could not stop lying about himself and his religion up till his wipeout on January 24th, 1986. L. Ron Hubbard lied about everything from his Boy Scout triumphs to his heroism as a decorated soldier. Hubbard is anything but a man of God and all the same his followers see him as the ultimate being. Since December of 1953, Scientologists have blindly followed this con artist in a cult based more or less hunger for money and power. Websters Third New International lexicon defines a cult as an excessive devotion to some person, cere bration or thingregarded as unorthodox or spurious. Scientologists are preoccupy with L. Ron Hubbard, a man they refuse to believe the truth about. Scientology is not a religion. It is not conventional. It is not genuinely based around a belief of a God or Supreme Being. Scientology is a cult whose practices whoremaster be considered a joke and whose drawing card can be considered a pathological liar.The beliefs and methods of Scientologists may be easily laughed at by any sane mind. The religion has many cult-like activities and many unconventional needs and beliefs be solely to Scientology. An example of this is the very important one billion socio-economic class contract. Members of Scientology who wish to be part of the Sea Organization must cross a contract for one billion years of service. The pe... ... to build a future on these lies as well. Ron Hubbard was not an amazing man, but kind of he was a man who tried to catch a ignite through creating a religion to serve his every need. Thus, he created Scientology.In conclusion, the Church of Scientology is based on little or no historic incidents and its teachings are so unorthodox that for it not to be considered a cult, is an outrage. The leader of Scientology, L. Ron Hubbard can not be relied on to state any fact as proven throughout his past and thus all credibility of the Church of Scientology has been jeopardized. When examining the teachings of Scientology, it is as if one is reading something from a science fictionalisation novel. They are then reminded that it was all created by a science fiction writer and yet Tom Cruise, John Travolta, Kirstie Alley, Sony Bonno and Lisa Marie Presley all failed to question this.

Call Of The Wild :: essays research papers

Call of the Wild Jack capital of the United Kingdoms thrilling epic tale of contingency and bravery, through the eyes of a part St. Bernard, part German guard named fritter. Our story opens with the author describing the lifestyle of this pampered hot dog on the premises of his masters home, say Miller, in the Santa Clara valley. John London describes a particular gold flock that transpired in 1897 and it was named the Klondike gold rush. Very early in the story line, go against is kidnapped by Manuel, one of the gardeners helpers, whos major weakness was gambling. Buck was sold to both men named Francois and Perrault. Buck was shipped to Alaska to serve as a sled dog during the Klondike gold rush. One of my favorite lines in the book is where John London writes "Bucks first day ashore was like a nightmare." "Every hr was filled with shock and surprise." (Page 12) You can see that he is trying to get hold of how different his new life is now. Buck was set among a halo of savage husky, wolf-like dogs. (Billie, Joe, Sol-leks, Dave, Spitz and Curly are just to name a few. later on Buck had completed his wearisome labor his body had become languid and weak. (Injuries also added to this dilemma later on.) The former(a) savage animals that Buck is placed with, live by only one rule, the law of club and fang. Buck is placed in several predicaments where he must defend himself against the other savage animals and he is disciplined for it. Buck loved his master, John Thorton who saved Bucks life from Hal, Bucks master, prior to this event. Following his departure, Buck finds himself in the wild, trusting and depending on his primal instincts. Learning how to pursue his food is but one of the umteen milestones in the book that Buck must overcome. (Jack London describes how Buck catch down a rabbit for food.

Historical Narrative: Beacon In A Sea Of Darkness :: essays research papers fc

The day started as usual. I got out of bed. My eyes cranky from lack of sleep. My feet hit the cold floor, sending a shudder finished my spine. Its a shame. In the winter, the weatherman willing tell you that tomorrow will be a warm one, but warm for winter in New York is still blisteringly cold (Weather 53).I looked at the clock. 750 AM. No time for breakfast. I had to get to work. In this business, either you were on that point on time to take someones case or he went to other detective. I grabbed my coat and started running down the apartment stairs, trying to revolve down a taxi. My landlord tried to nab me and complain about my late(a) rent, but I had not time to trifle with him. I jumped into the origin taxi I saw and told the driver to take me to the corner of seventh and Elm.Whin I got to the office, rosebush, my secretary, was on the phone talking to her fiance (" cast" 30). Her husband to be was a real sweet talker, but he was a Communist, which made my bl ood hot. Such a shame, a bonny broad going to waste like that. She whispered goodbye to him and hung up the phone."Any calls for me while I was out, Rose?""No, Sam, the mornings been pretty quiet so far," she replied. "Heres the morning paper as you requested. The coffee should be hot and micturate in just a few minutes.""Youre a doll, you know that, Rose? I swear my morning would be a nightmare if it werent for you. Ive got a couple of tickets to the next Yankees game if youd like to go out. I ascertain Mantle and Rizzuto are hitting pretty well" (Effrat 34)."Mr. Brock Thank you in truth much, but Im engaged. I cant go off on a spend dating spree right before I get married. What would others infer? Theyd call me a floozy for sure""Well, I thought it was worth a try. Give me a holler if you change your mind. Ill be in my office if anything comes up." I walked into my office, about to shut the door, when I stopped myself. "Ros e, what do you see in that guy anyway? Did he trick you into conglutination or was he just the only guy left in the store?""Despite what you may think of him, I find him very attractive.

The two poems I am going to compare are Mid-Term Break by Seamus Heaney

The two poems I am going to comp be are Mid-Term Break by Seamus Heaney and close Be Not Proud by John Donne.The first poem I am going to pick up is a poem by Seamus Heaney calledMid-Term Break.Seamus Heaney was born in County Derry into a domain background. Heattended St. Columbs College in Derry where he was a border. Heaneywent on to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.The poets title Mid-Term Break is somewhat dubious as it wouldsuggest a holiday of some sort, whereas, the poem is real aboutthe decease of Heaneys young brother who was killed in a tragicaccident.The thoughts of wipeout are brought to the fore almost immediately asthe poem begins with a funeral note in subscriber line two numbering bells knelling classes to a close.The word knelling reminds the poet of the church bells tolling for afuneral.In the second stanza we are aware that the tragedy which has occurredis different as funerals usually did not wake his father in the waythat this one had.Heaney recalls t he embarrassment he felt up when the adults sympathisedwith him and paid his deference saying they were sorry for mytrouble. This seemed to perplex him as it was a reversal of roles.There is a sense of alienation in the onwards stanza when he heard thewhispers of the neighbours, apart from his mothers hand in his. Hismother seems to be trying to control her emotions but is clearly shadowed by what has happened.When Heaneys brother is returned home, the poet refers to his brotheras a ashes. This seems to suggest that Heaney is emotionallydetached but it could just be a case of denial.Heaney injects a note of tranquillity to the poem when he describesthe snowdrops and candles. ... ... hand, deals with the enigma and fear that soundsdeath. Although we will all have to die eventually it is shut upsomething that scares us but Donne tries to alleviate those fears bytelling us that death is just another part of life that will lead usto eternity.Heaney seemed to be emotionally detache d throughout his poem until thefinal line whereas Donne was very passionate about his feeling fromthe start.When I first deal both poems I was drawn instantly towards Mid-TermBreak only because of the simplicity of the language. However, aftercarefully studying both poems my preference now lies with Death Be NotProud. It is an interesting poem that expresses the act of dying assomething natural and pleasant abandoning the reputation it has forbeing frightening or powerful. It expresses that death is not the endof life, but only the beginning.

The Future of Scholarship Essay -- Education Technology Electronics Es

The Future of ScholarshipIntroductionThe development and rapid forepart in the field of technology has changed the face of modern society from what it was twenty dollar bill years ago. Information and parley technologies have changed dramatic whollyy even in the last ten years. Electronic mail, listservs, and the Internet, to name a few, are all parts of the new technology that is re-defining critical communication. In her article authorize Scholarly Communication Christine Borgman states that research was clustered around three variables producers of the communication . . ., artifacts of communication . . . and communication concepts. (146) The impact of the new communication technologies to scholarly communication cannot be understated. While the benefits are extensive, it also raises a number of questions. Kahin notes that the digitization of discipline and the growth of research networking raise a distinct set of issues How should the operate of research learning b e managed in the interests of scholarship and technological pass around? (1) In part because of this new technology as well as the ease and speed with which communication can take place and information can be disseminated, there is a trend within the scholarly community towards interdisciplinarity, collaboration, and disintermediation. In many ways, these three concepts overlap with one another(prenominal) creating an entirely new landscape for scholarly communication, research and education. When discussing interdisciplinarity it is first unavoidable to come to an understanding of what constitutes a discipline, its purpose and its function. In Interdisciplinarity The Road forward for Education in Digital Libraries, Anita Coleman states that academic disci... ...es. University of Arizona. 5 May 2003.Cronin, Blaise and Helen Barsky Atkins, eds. The Web of experience A Festschrift in Honor of Eugene Garfield. Medford, New Jersey Information Today, Inc., 2000.Davenport, Elizabeth and Blaise Cronin. The reference book Network as a Prototype for Representing Trust in realistic Environments. Cronin and Atkins 517-534.Frazier, Kenneth. The Librarians Dilemma Contemplating the Costs of the Big Deal. D-Lib Magazine. 7.3 (2001). 5 May 2003 .Kahin, Brian. Scholarly Communication in the Network Environment Issues of Principle, Policy, and Practice. 18 Feb. 1992. 5 May 2003 .Webopedia. Jupitermedia Corporation. 5 May 2003. .

Biblical Allusions in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby Essay

The peachy Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald tells the story of a land lost to superficiality and greed. Falsehood and deception are the currency which fuels the characters in the novel. Dwelling in this fallen world, Fitzgerald has placed a fallen god. Gatsby is bathed in descriptions that identify him as the Son of God. Fitzgerald makes a conscious effort to mask this character with imagery and actions to make him the patron deity of this fallen world, notwithstanding Gatsby is too much enveloped by his surroundings to save them and is consumed in the attempt. despite the biblical allusions, strong images and explicit statements identifying Gatsby with Christ, the prevailing tone of the novel prevents him from be a Christ-figure. A strong pattern of biblical allusions establishes an image of Gatsby as Jesus. The very first description of Gatsby conjures biblical images. Gatsby is described as having a heightened sensitivity to the promises of life and an extraordinary gift for hope (6). Jesus came that they whitethorn have life, and have it abundantly (Jn. 1010). Paul, in his first letter to the Corinthians, identifies hope as the second of the three theological virtues (1313). Furthermore, Nick describes Gatsbys handwrite as majestic, suggesting the mightship of Christ (46). Gatsbys kingdom, like Jesus is not of this world (Jn. 1836). When Gatsby stands in his yard, surveying the stars, Nick describes him as laying claim to a scratch of the heavens (25). Gatsbys parties are even reminiscent of biblical themes. Nick observes that people were not invited they went there (45). This recalls the parable of the wedding feast, in which, lacking invited guests, the king sends his soldiers out to the highways to gather ... ...Marius. Scott Fitzgeralds Criticism of America. Modern Critical Interpretations F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. Ed. Harold Bloom. untried York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 11-27. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. Engl and Penguin, 1990. Hack, Robert and Libby Stockstill. coloring material in The Great Gatsby. http//www.nmusd.k12.ca.us/cdmhs/gatsbycenter/roberthack&libbystockstill. November 29th 2001. OBrien, Meghan et al. Colour Imagery in The Great Gatsby. http//www.nmusd.k12.ca.us/cdmhs/gatsbycenter/meghanobrien/gg.html. November 29th 2001. Tanner, Tony. Introduction. The Great Gatsby. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald. England Penguin, 1990. vii-lvi. Way, Brian. The Great Gatsby. Modern Critical Interpretations F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 87-108.

Just Do What the Pilot Tells You :: Comparative, Stanley Milgram, Theodore Darymple

Stanley Milgrams samples on loyalty are the nidus of Theodore Dalrymple and Ian Parker. Theodore Dalrymple is a British physician that composed his views of the Milgram taste with Just Do What the Pilot Tells You in the New Statesman in July 1999 (254). He distinguishes between blind obedience and blind disobedience stating that an peak of either is not good, and that a healthy balance between the cardinal is needed. On the other hand, Ian Parker is a British writer who wrote Obedience for an geld of Granta in the fall of 2000. He discusses the location of the experiment as a major f moor and how the experiment progresses to prevent more(prenominal) outcomes. Dalrymple uses real-life events to convey his argument while Parker exemplifies logic from professors to state his point. Dalrymple starts his try on by stating that some tribe view opposition to authority to be principled and also romantic (254). The social worker Dalrymple mentions on the airplane with him is a pr ime eccentric that certain people can be naturally against authority, but she cursorily grants authority to the pilot to fly the plane (255). Dalrymple also mentions his studies under a physician and that Dalrymple would listen to her because she had far greater expanse of knowledge than him (256). Ian Parker writes his essay explaining the failed logic with Stanley Milgrams experiment and expounds on other aspects of the experiment. One of his points is the powers location which he describes as inescapable (238). Another focus of Parkers article is how Milgrams experiment affected his career the experiment played a role in Milgrams inability to study full support from Harvard professors to earn tenure (234). Dalrymple states that he obeyed his superior because she was more knowledgeable over her job (256). The Milgram experiment demonstrates how ordinary people act towards authority in certain situations. Dalrymple accurately utilizes that point by describing when a boy is turne d in for trying to steal a car and then the parents proceed to yell at the guards. The guards began to stop reporting kids because they valued to avoid the conflict all together (257). Parker agrees with Dalrymple by explicating that the experimenter alludes to conflict when the instructor wants to discontinue the experiment, but stumbles to rebel when dictated to continue (238). Parkers resultant is to offer a button for the teachers to press when they are no overnight able to continue the experiment (238).

Goblins, Imps, Brownies, Trolls, Pixies, and Bogies †Yesterday and Today :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Goblins, Imps, Brownies, Trolls, Pixies, and Bogies Yesterday and Today In modern day, one is not likely to encounter a pixie in ones travels, except perhaps those found scuttle after candy on Halloween night. However, goblins, as well as imps, brownies, trolls, pixies, and bogies were erstwhile considered as much a part of daily life as cows and chickens.(Briggs, These were the fairies, the half-natural, half supernatural beings that helped and haunted mankind throughout well-nigh of the world. The Scottish divided these fairies worldS into two groups, the Seelie Court, those helpful to humans, and the Unseelie Court, those who were mischievous, misleading, or downright evil. At the lowest rungs of the Unseelie court, one would find the goblins. (Briggs, 357) The goblins have changed, however, since these dark times, and it is the purpose of this musical composition to show the evolution of these monsters from chivalric hassock, to subterranean miner, to Saurons horde of minions, and into different various modern-day incarnations. Additionally, the cultural driving forces of feminist theology, Freudian psychology, semipolitical agendas, and technological fears will be used to explain several of the to a greater extent notable goblin literary works. Finally, it will be shown how the medieval concept of the goblin, the queen regnant trickster, will resurface after a hundred years of exile in the form of the gremlin. The goblin as a fairy has its roots mainly in Britain, although they had counterparts in most of Europe. The French had goeblins, the Germans kobolds, the welch pwca (pooka), and even the Japanese had the tengu. However, the name goblin is attributed to an Italian origin. The story goes that in Florence there were two infamous houses, the Guelfs and the Gibelins. So malicious were the members of these families that mothers would warn unruly children that the Guelfs and the Gibelins would come to get them if they did not behave. Thus the modern words elves and goblins were born. (Latham, p. 48) The fairy goblin ranged in disposition from the truly sinister to the near-harmless trickster. An example of the nastier medieval goblins is the legend of Redcap, a vicious goblin who inhabited a deserted castle. He was described by William Henderson in Folklore of the Northern Countries as a .

Portrait of a Cartographer :: Creative Writing Essays

Portrait of a Cartographer Someone must define how to color maps. Where to enthrone the pale yellow, coral pink, the olive green, burnt orange, magenta. Where to put the darkest shades of blue. The lightest. There is something of symmetry, of composition. There is topography to consider. Demographics. The vast expanse of contribute land, open water, the sensuous curves of coastline, of mountain ranges, of rivers with their writhing bodies and forked tongues. The color of the ocean is match to its depth. In terms of Indonesia, of Nova Scotia, of Sudan, colors are arbitrary. They reject symbolism, existing totally to say look here, I am this and not the other. Differentiation, identity inside borders. To imagine each color as a body, each planoconvex to the concave of another, like spoons stacked, like lovers in bed, like the earthen layers of sedimentary rock. Pages of a history book warped from moisture. In the skies of the northern hemisphere, I have learned to trust Orion. His delicate belt of three interruption sensuously off-center, suggesting contraposto. I imagine he must look a great deal like stone, marble perhaps. Michelangelos David. Head of frozen curls, rippled abdomen, arms to the side, astronomic curled hands like leaves. A summer sky in Africa, I could not find him so I trusted the southern Cross. Four stars are one more than three. I am the put between stars. In stellar cartography, you will know me as such. cover by darkest nebula, clusters of blue- vacuous giants. Orphaned objects in deep sky, brilliant for the taking, I beat back them apart with my palms. I could swallow them whole but my throat is excessively small, my belly distended and blue like an infant. And that is the way I cry. There in my narrow boat cutting across a black sea, no moss. Carina the keel, Vela the sail. Flapping of white light across my face. Carry me from this world of names, of butterflies asphyxiated, pinned strike down across blue velvet. Each wi ng goes unremembered in this sky, this world of lunar month stations. The phoenix was remembered too late. She needed room to breath she has choked on ash. No one heard her cry out, but I tangle the earth, the night sky quake. The Pleiades are seven sisters, a young and red-hot open cluster of stars. Daughters of Atlas and Pleione. Violet beauties, a core of white heat.