Piagets Cognitive Theory Essay -- piaget piagets psychology developme

Psychology Piagets cognitive TheoryCognitive development is the development of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Historically, the cognitive development of children has been studied in a variety of ways. The oldest is through erudition tests. An example of this is the Stanford Binet Intelligence Quotient test. IQ scoring is based on the archetype of mental age, according to which the scores of a child of average news program match his or her age. IQ tests be widely used in the United States, but they have been criticized for defining intelligence too narrowly. In contrast to the emphasis propd on a childs earthy abilities by intelligence testing, learning theory grew out of arrive at by behaviorist researchers such as John Broadus Watson and B.F. Skinner, who argued that children be on the whole malleable. Learning theory focuses on the role of environmental factors in constitutio n the intelligence of children, especially on a childs powerfulness to learn by having certain behaviors rewarded and others discouraged. During the 1920s, a biologist named Jean Piaget proposed a theory of cognitive development of children. He caused a new variation in thinking about how thinking develops. In 1984, Piaget observed that children escort concepts and reason differently at different stages. Piaget stated childrens cognitive strategies, which are used to solve problems, reflect an interaction between the childs current developmental stage and experience in the world.Piaget was originally practised in areas of biology and philosophy and considered himself a kinetic epistemologist. He was in the main interested in the biological influences on how we come to know. He believed that what distinguishes military man beings from other animals is our ability to do abstract symbolic reasoning. Piagets theory, lift out published in 1952, grew out of decades of extensive ob servation of children, including his own, in their natural environments as opposed to the laboratory experiments of the behaviorists. Although Piaget was interested in how children reacted to their environment, he proposed experience as composed of schemas, basic units of knowledge used to organize knightly experiences and serve as a basis for understanding new ones. Schemas are continually being modified by two complementar... ...ings different from theirs. Furthermore, they jackpot understand situations from the viewpoints of others. Intelligence is characterized by number, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, and volume. They can perform logical trading operations in relation to concrete external objects. They can now decode their thinking, or focus on more than one dimension of a stimulus at a single time. They cannot solve abstract or hypothetical problems, however.Piagets fourth and final stage, the formal operations stage, takes place from 11 or 12 to 18 and beyond. In early childlike years, the development of the ability to reversibility and conservation to abstract, verbal, and hypothetical situations takes place. They also begin to piddle speculations about what might happen in the future. Adolescents are also commensurate of formulating and testing hypotheses, and dealing with abstract concepts like probability, ratio, and proportion. In this stage start the perception of analogies and the use of complex language forms such as metaphors and sarcasm. Teenagers can comprehend philosophy and politics and formulate theories of their own. Abstract concepts and moral value become as important as concrete objects.